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Biology calculators

DNA, genetics, cell biology, and lab calculation tools for students and researchers.

Biology

Hardy-Weinberg Calculator

Calculate allele and genotype frequencies for a population in genetic equilibrium.

geneticspopulation-geneticsallele-frequency
Biology

DNA GC Content Calculator

Calculate the percentage of guanine and cytosine bases in a DNA sequence.

dnamolecular-biologygenomics
Biology

Cell Doubling Time Calculator

Find the time required for a cell population to double in size.

cell-biologymicrobiologygrowth-rate
Biology

Beer-Lambert Law Calculator

Calculate absorbance or concentration using the Beer-Lambert law.

spectrophotometrylaboratorybiochemistry
Biology

Enzyme Kinetics Calculator

Calculate reaction velocity using the Michaelis-Menten equation.

enzymologybiochemistrymichaelis-menten
Biology

Osmolarity Calculator

Estimate the osmolarity of a solution from solute concentration and dissociation.

physiologycell-biologyosmosis
Biology

Population Growth Calculator

Model exponential population growth over time in ecology.

ecologyexponential-growthpopulation-biology
Biology

Mendelian Genetics Calculator

Determine genotype and phenotype ratios for monohybrid crosses.

geneticshereditypunnett-square
Biology

Allele Frequency Calculator

Calculate allele frequencies and heterozygosity from genotype counts.

population-geneticsevolutionallele
Biology

PCR Efficiency Calculator

Calculate qPCR amplification efficiency from a standard curve slope.

qpcrmolecular-biologylaboratory
Biology

Protein Molecular Weight Estimator

Estimate the molecular weight of a protein from its amino acid count.

proteomicsbiochemistrymolecular-weight
Biology

Chi-Square Genetics Test Calculator

Test whether observed genetic counts fit an expected Mendelian ratio.

geneticschi-squaremendelian-ratio
Biology

LOD Score Calculator

Estimate the logarithm of odds score used in genetic linkage analysis.

geneticslinkage-analysislod-score
Biology

DNA Melting Temperature Calculator

Estimate DNA or oligo melting temperature for primers and short sequences.

dnatm-calculatoroligo-tm
Biology

PCR Primer Design Calculator

Check PCR primer length, GC content, Tm, 3' clamp, and annealing temperature.

pcrprimer-designannealing-temperature
Biology

Codon Usage Calculator

Paste a coding sequence to calculate codon frequency, per-thousand usage, amino acid counts, and GC3.

codon-usagecodon-frequencyGC3
Biology

Cell Count / Hemocytometer Calculator

Calculate cells per mL, total cells, and live cell concentration from hemocytometer counts, dilution factor, chamber dimensions, volume, and viability.

cell-counthemocytometercells-per-ml
Biology

Mitotic Index Calculator

Calculate overall and field-level mitotic index from mitotic cell counts and total cell counts across one or more microscope fields.

mitotic-indexmitosismicroscopy
Biology

Cell Surface Area to Volume Calculator

Calculate surface area, volume, and SA:V for sphere, cube, cylinder, rectangular prism, or custom measurements.

surface-area-volumeSA:Vcell-biology
Biology

Logistic Growth Model Calculator

Model logistic population growth with carrying capacity, K percentage, inflection point, and a time-series growth table.

logistic-growthcarrying-capacitypopulation-growth
Biology

Shannon Diversity Index Calculator

Calculate Shannon H', evenness, richness, effective species, and per-species contribution from abundance counts.

shannon-indexspecies-diversityevenness
Biology

Simpson's Diversity Index Calculator

Calculate Simpson 1-D, dominance D, reciprocal index, richness, and species-level contribution from abundance counts.

simpson-indexspecies-diversitydominance
Biology

Mark-Recapture Estimate Calculator

Estimate population size from mark-recapture data with Chapman estimate, Lincoln-Petersen estimate, standard error, and recapture rate.

mark-recapturechapman-estimatepopulation-estimate
Biology

Carrying Capacity Calculator

Estimate carrying capacity K from current population, growth rate, observed population change, and logistic growth assumptions.

carrying-capacitylogistic-growthpopulation-growth
Biology

pH Buffer Calculator

Calculate buffer pH, base/acid ratio, buffer range, and target pH recipe with the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.

buffer-phhenderson-hasselbalchpka
Biology

Protein Concentration (A280) Calculator

Calculate protein concentration from A280, extinction coefficient, path length, dilution factor, molecular weight, sample volume, and A260/A280 check.

protein-a280protein-concentrationextinction-coefficient
Biology

Enzyme Activity Calculator

Calculate enzyme units, stock activity, and specific activity from product concentration, reaction volume, time, diluted enzyme volume, dilution factor, and original stock protein concentration.

enzyme-activityspecific-activityenzyme-units
Biology

Natural Selection Simulation Calculator

Simulate allele frequency change across generations from initial p and genotype fitness values for AA, Aa, and aa.

evolutionnatural-selectionallele-frequency
Biology

Genetic Drift Calculator

Estimate drift variance, allele frequency range, heterozygosity retention, fixation probability, and loss probability in a finite effective population.

evolutiongenetic-driftallele-frequency
Biology

Effective Population Size (Ne) Calculator

Calculate effective population size from breeding male and female counts.

population-geneticseffective-population-sizene
Biology

Photosynthesis Rate Calculator

Calculate and normalize photosynthesis rate from oxygen production or carbon dioxide uptake.

photosynthesis-rateplant-physiologylight-intensity
Biology

Respiratory Quotient (RQ) Calculator

Calculate respiratory quotient from carbon dioxide output and oxygen uptake.

respiratory-quotientmetabolismphysiology
Biology

BMR Calculator

Estimate basal metabolic rate from age, height, weight, and sex.

bmrmetabolismhealth
Biology

VO2 Max Estimator

Estimate maximal oxygen uptake from fitness test measurements.

vo2-maxexercise-physiologyfitness

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